What is Type 2 Diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition affecting how your body processes blood sugar (glucose). Unlike Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 develops gradually and is often preventable and manageable with lifestyle modifications.
Understanding Blood Sugar Levels
Normal fasting blood sugar: 70-100 mg/dL Prediabetes: 100-125 mg/dL Diabetes: 126 mg/dL or higher (on two separate tests)
Dietary Management
What to Eat
- Non-starchy vegetables (leafy greens, broccoli, peppers)
- Lean proteins (chicken, fish, tofu)
- Whole grains in moderation
- Healthy fats (avocado, olive oil, nuts)
What to Limit
- Refined carbohydrates (white bread, pastries)
- Sugary beverages
- Processed foods high in trans fats
- Excessive fruit juice
Exercise and Physical Activity
Physical activity helps your cells use insulin more effectively:
Recommended routine:
- 30 minutes of moderate activity, 5 days per week
- Include both aerobic exercise and resistance training
- Start slowly if you're new to exercise
- Check blood sugar before and after activity
Medication Management
Many people with Type 2 diabetes need medication. Common options include:
- Metformin (first-line treatment)
- Sulfonylureas
- DPP-4 inhibitors
- SGLT2 inhibitors
- GLP-1 receptor agonists
- Insulin (in advanced cases)
Monitoring Your Progress
What to Track:
- Blood glucose levels - As recommended by your doctor
- HbA1c - Every 3 months (target: below 7% for most people)
- Blood pressure - Target: below 140/90 mmHg
- Cholesterol levels - Annual screening
- Kidney function - Annual screening
- Eye exams - Annual dilated eye exam
Preventing Complications
Long-term complications of uncontrolled diabetes include:
- Heart disease and stroke
- Kidney damage
- Nerve damage (neuropathy)
- Eye damage (retinopathy)
- Foot problems
Good news: Proper management dramatically reduces these risks!
When to Seek Immediate Help
Contact your doctor or visit our emergency department if you experience:
- Blood sugar below 70 mg/dL or above 300 mg/dL
- Persistent nausea or vomiting
- Fruity-smelling breath
- Confusion or difficulty staying awake
- Rapid breathing
Living Well with Diabetes
Diabetes doesn't have to limit your life. With proper management:
- You can maintain your energy levels
- Enjoy your favorite activities
- Prevent or delay complications
- Live a long, healthy life
Our Diabetes Care Program
At Ayushman Hospital, we offer comprehensive diabetes management including:
- Personalized treatment plans
- Nutritional counseling
- Exercise guidance
- Regular monitoring and follow-up
- Patient education workshops
Schedule your diabetes management consultation today. Call +91-96195 81021 or visit our General Medicine department.
Join our monthly diabetes support group meetings. Connect with others managing diabetes and learn from our healthcare experts.